Tortoise Shell and Enamel Chinese Tribute Clock in the Form of a Double Gourd

A remarkable double gourd-shaped Chinese tribute clock. The finely modeled kneeling caricature figures of European gentlemen support the tortoise shell-veneered double gourd shape. The double gourd is adorned with paste-set ribbon-tied garlands, similarly jeweled roundel with the Chinese characters "da-ji" for "Great Auspiciousness" above the white enamel dial. Concealed drawer in the turntable base houses an engraved winding key.

By the end of the 18th century Emperor Qianlong set out to make European-style clocks in his own Imperial workshops, combining European mechanical techniques with a distinctive blend of Chinese and European decorative elements. Elsewhere, in Guangzhou (Canton) and Suzhou artisans began producing clocks in the European style that were commissioned by high officials as tribute to the Court. These first incorporated European movements in Chinese-made cases. This clock is that type of hybrid.

The decorative elements are reminiscent of the work of the English maker, James Cox. However, Chinese symbolism is dominant. The double gourd shape is symbolic of longevity. The message is further emphasized by the jeweled medallion proclaiming "great auspiciousness." But the most intriguing design element is the caricature of four kneeling European figures bearing the clock as tribute. Figures such as these in attitudes of obeisance are found on other decorative objects of the period.